Screenplay Abbreviations
N.I – No video support is shown and is read by the anchor/host (30 seconds long).
SILENT - presenters voice is linked to the visuals and is the only sound played.
NATSOT – presenters voice is linked to visuals and visuals have natural sound.
SOT – sound that is on a tape. Natural sounds to where the recordings took place.
V.O – a voice over; presenter narrating visuals.
Film Script (12 Years A Slave)
Style & Content
The style of the script is formal. There are clear instructions marked with use of clear and concise language. The majority of text is written in courier and justified left except the name and title which are indicated in capital letters and bold; this is so that it the text stands out from the rest to create a clear justification between sections. Descriptions are also featured in capital letters such as appearances for example "In attendance are EIGHT COUPLES." However these are not in bold unlike titles.
Given the setting of the film itself the dialogue is also quite formal and conversations flow smoothly having a parent to child mode of address. Below the dialogue are sometimes movements written for example "The children, now smiling as well...". Though these are only indicated by a break in paragraph rather than capital letters or any other definitive method.
Narrative Structure
The narrative structure is single stranded and linear. Having multiple characters and interaction but takes place from one point of view been our main character Soloman which is all shown within a chronological order making it linear.
The narrative structure is single stranded and linear. Having multiple characters and interaction but takes place from one point of view been our main character Soloman which is all shown within a chronological order making it linear.
Genre
The genre of the film is fictional, though is an adaptation of a series of memoirs so will contain true events, themes and settings as well as realistic characters and story. This also makes the audience feel more empathy for the character.
The genre of the film is fictional, though is an adaptation of a series of memoirs so will contain true events, themes and settings as well as realistic characters and story. This also makes the audience feel more empathy for the character.
Target Audience
The target audience is aimed for an older audience that are interested in events of the past or more specifically the slave trade, or possible have a deeper connection towards this setting.
The BBFC rated this film for 15+ years, this being a large audience this would be targeted towards most adults. This would also appeal to both genders, but since the main character is male this would probably be viewed mostly by a male audience. The audience would possibly take a keen interest in history and more specifically the 1800s and the slave trade. The audience would primarily fall under the demographic ABC1 been seen my mostly the upper and middle class that would have the spending power to view and take an interest within the film and the history of it.
Style & Content
Like the film script the style of this script is very formal as it is a broadcast, this means its purpose its to inform so is written in clear cohesive language based around fitting in facts and has a teacher to pupil mode of address. The layout differs from the film script been written to fit around the different roles of the people within the broadcast. For example
"Smith Fire officials say the blaze that ravaged the federal records storage
Studio - OC - Jacobs Facility in Selma Valley is now under control".
This is structured having the person or instructions based on the left and the text/lines on the right having a spacing between it to clearly show the separation. As always the font is written in Courier; standard script font and is the voice overs are written in capital letters and justified left. Details such as video files are written in italics. Also features like this "============" are shown to clearly justify each section.
The scripts also features abbreviations such as VO to show that this is a voice over, making it easier to understand and follow so that all members of the production crew know what they have to do. For example this would be a note for the editors.
Running Order
The script starts with a introduction by Smith. There is then a cut to studio and a voice over with a video file playing. This is followed by a server video and audio is presented by a voice over. Finally it cuts back to studio.
This is a strict order that the broadcast must follow so that all the crew know how to operate. The order is a logical format that follows an introduction the content shown and then back to the beginning to show a clear structure to the audience.
- Intro - Voice over
- Cut back to studio
- Voice over
- Video file played
- Server video + Audio
- Cut back to studio
Genre
The genre of the of this broadcast is non-fiction this is because this is news on real life events that are taking place around the world presenting facts to the public to inform them of current news, therefore all content must be non-fictional and unbiased.
Target Audience
The target audience is aimed for an older audience that are interested in current news and events though this can be viewed by anyone, since the broadcast can often feature content that may be unsuitable for a younger audience. This is because ages would be ages 12 + being a large audience this would be targeted mostly towards most adults.
This would also appeal to both genders, all ages and all type of people. Though would take a keen interest in the news and current events, the audience may take an interest in politics and aspire to have a job within that sector so takes an interest in current news. The audience would primarily fall under the demographic ABC1 but could also feature C2 and others depending on the audiences active interest within the news, though it is likelier this would be received by a ABC1.
This script is also written formally, all instructions are shown and written logically and as always is written in courier font and justified left, dialogue is 'Justified Centre'. Details such as the act, role and instructions are written in capital letters and come first on a new line. The script is written in parent to child mode of address been informative. For example: "When the Superintendent and Clarence are speaking in Heaven, their voices will have a reverb applied throughout. When Clarence is on Earth, he will be “dry.” Details like when a track is played are marked through these symbols []. For example: [MUS-03].
Narrative Structure
The narrative structure is multi-stranded and linear. Having multiple characters speaking within the broadcast at different points, this is all shown within a chronological order so that it is a clear and logical layout making it linear.
Genre
The genre of the of this script is fiction this is because this is radio drama written for the purpose of entertainment and features fictional elements such as angels and heaven. "Are you really sending me down to Earth?"
Target Audience
The target audience is aimed for at all ages this is because this is a fictional story that that presents morals that can be seen as an almost an educational story for younger audiences because of this the age would be from 7 - 40 years old being a large audience this would be targeted mostly towards the younger half.
This would also appeal to both genders, but mainly for 12 + as this would be easier to understand for this age group. Though would take a interest fictional stories and possibly in some eyes older stories. The audience could also be people who like the 1946 movie and wish to view this as an adaptation. The audience would primarily fall under the demographic ABC1, this would be received by a more educated type of audience who take an active interest within such stories and the aforementioned reasons.
Style & Content
This script unlike all the other examples is incredibly informal and written in a peer to peer mode of address for example: "Here be spoilers! If you don't want everything to be completely spoiled, DO NOT READ ANY FURTHER! You've been warned.". The style also differs a lot from previous example featuring a table of contents and chapters justified by a hash-tag (#). Segments are separate by the "========" just like in the broadcast script though is more frequently used in this script. Though like all other is written in courier font and justified left. Movements within the script are described within brackets such as "[]" and are very frequent often been used more than dialogue. Characters names are written in capital letters and sometimes titles are too. A flowchart would also be included with a script to show the alternative routes the player can take when playing the game, for example alternative endings based on the players action.
Narrative Structure
Since this is a video game and takes place from one characters perspective this is a single stranded structure and in this case is linear as it is shown in chronological order like all previous examples.
Genre
The genre of the of this script is fiction this is because this is video game written for the purpose of entertainment and features fictional elements such as bird women e.g. "[Game opens with BIRD LADY pacing in a dark room in front a kneeling man. This scene cuts back and forth with another of two jeeps driving along a road...".
Target Audience
The target audience for this game is 18+ featuring fictional creatures that are unsuitable for younger audiences and profanity. Though would be received by a audience of 18 -25 of primarily a male audience of BC1C2 demographic. The audience could also have a specific interest within the horror genre or the video game franchise itself. The PEGI rating for this game is also 18 +.
Style & Content
The style of this script is formal featuring clear instructions and layouts though are very lacking in comparison to previous examples having no details camera movements, music or another details for production crew to see. This means the script is quite unsuitable and is more of a outline of pure dialogue. Though like all examples is written in courier font but this time is centre justification. Names are written in capital letters as well as placed at the beginning of a line. The instructions at the beginning of the script are formal been clear and concise been written in a teacher to pupil like mode of address.
Narrative Structure
The narrative structure is linear featuring conversation between two people of equal amounts in a linear format been chronological.
Genre
Like a TV Broadcast the genre of the of this script is non-fiction this is because this is news on real life people that exist in the real world presenting in some cases facts to the public to inform them about the interviewee therefore all content must be non-fictional and unbiased.
Target Audience
The target audience is aimed for a younger audience that are interested in music and celebrities as this is the sort of channel that MTV presents itself as and will be informal and will be spoken in a peer to peer mode of address. Therefore the audience would be mostly teenage having an age range of 13 - 25 years old
This would also appeal to both genders and mostly towards those with a keen interest for celebrities, TV and music. This would be received by a demographic or roughly BC1 and possibly C2 and lower in some cases depending on the interest of the viewer.
The target audience is aimed for an older audience that are interested in events of the past or more specifically the slave trade, or possible have a deeper connection towards this setting.
The BBFC rated this film for 15+ years, this being a large audience this would be targeted towards most adults. This would also appeal to both genders, but since the main character is male this would probably be viewed mostly by a male audience. The audience would possibly take a keen interest in history and more specifically the 1800s and the slave trade. The audience would primarily fall under the demographic ABC1 been seen my mostly the upper and middle class that would have the spending power to view and take an interest within the film and the history of it.
Broadcast Script (Selma Fed. Records Fire)
Style & Content
Like the film script the style of this script is very formal as it is a broadcast, this means its purpose its to inform so is written in clear cohesive language based around fitting in facts and has a teacher to pupil mode of address. The layout differs from the film script been written to fit around the different roles of the people within the broadcast. For example
"Smith Fire officials say the blaze that ravaged the federal records storage
Studio - OC - Jacobs Facility in Selma Valley is now under control".
This is structured having the person or instructions based on the left and the text/lines on the right having a spacing between it to clearly show the separation. As always the font is written in Courier; standard script font and is the voice overs are written in capital letters and justified left. Details such as video files are written in italics. Also features like this "============" are shown to clearly justify each section.
The scripts also features abbreviations such as VO to show that this is a voice over, making it easier to understand and follow so that all members of the production crew know what they have to do. For example this would be a note for the editors.
Running Order
The script starts with a introduction by Smith. There is then a cut to studio and a voice over with a video file playing. This is followed by a server video and audio is presented by a voice over. Finally it cuts back to studio.
This is a strict order that the broadcast must follow so that all the crew know how to operate. The order is a logical format that follows an introduction the content shown and then back to the beginning to show a clear structure to the audience.
- Intro - Voice over
- Cut back to studio
- Voice over
- Video file played
- Server video + Audio
- Cut back to studio
Genre
The genre of the of this broadcast is non-fiction this is because this is news on real life events that are taking place around the world presenting facts to the public to inform them of current news, therefore all content must be non-fictional and unbiased.
Target Audience
The target audience is aimed for an older audience that are interested in current news and events though this can be viewed by anyone, since the broadcast can often feature content that may be unsuitable for a younger audience. This is because ages would be ages 12 + being a large audience this would be targeted mostly towards most adults.
This would also appeal to both genders, all ages and all type of people. Though would take a keen interest in the news and current events, the audience may take an interest in politics and aspire to have a job within that sector so takes an interest in current news. The audience would primarily fall under the demographic ABC1 but could also feature C2 and others depending on the audiences active interest within the news, though it is likelier this would be received by a ABC1.
Radio Drama (It's A Wonderful Life)
Style & Content This script is also written formally, all instructions are shown and written logically and as always is written in courier font and justified left, dialogue is 'Justified Centre'. Details such as the act, role and instructions are written in capital letters and come first on a new line. The script is written in parent to child mode of address been informative. For example: "When the Superintendent and Clarence are speaking in Heaven, their voices will have a reverb applied throughout. When Clarence is on Earth, he will be “dry.” Details like when a track is played are marked through these symbols []. For example: [MUS-03].
Narrative Structure
The narrative structure is multi-stranded and linear. Having multiple characters speaking within the broadcast at different points, this is all shown within a chronological order so that it is a clear and logical layout making it linear.
Genre
The genre of the of this script is fiction this is because this is radio drama written for the purpose of entertainment and features fictional elements such as angels and heaven. "Are you really sending me down to Earth?"
Target Audience
The target audience is aimed for at all ages this is because this is a fictional story that that presents morals that can be seen as an almost an educational story for younger audiences because of this the age would be from 7 - 40 years old being a large audience this would be targeted mostly towards the younger half.
This would also appeal to both genders, but mainly for 12 + as this would be easier to understand for this age group. Though would take a interest fictional stories and possibly in some eyes older stories. The audience could also be people who like the 1946 movie and wish to view this as an adaptation. The audience would primarily fall under the demographic ABC1, this would be received by a more educated type of audience who take an active interest within such stories and the aforementioned reasons.
Computer Game (Resident Evil 5)
Style & Content
This script unlike all the other examples is incredibly informal and written in a peer to peer mode of address for example: "Here be spoilers! If you don't want everything to be completely spoiled, DO NOT READ ANY FURTHER! You've been warned.". The style also differs a lot from previous example featuring a table of contents and chapters justified by a hash-tag (#). Segments are separate by the "========" just like in the broadcast script though is more frequently used in this script. Though like all other is written in courier font and justified left. Movements within the script are described within brackets such as "[]" and are very frequent often been used more than dialogue. Characters names are written in capital letters and sometimes titles are too. A flowchart would also be included with a script to show the alternative routes the player can take when playing the game, for example alternative endings based on the players action.
Narrative Structure
Since this is a video game and takes place from one characters perspective this is a single stranded structure and in this case is linear as it is shown in chronological order like all previous examples.
Genre
The genre of the of this script is fiction this is because this is video game written for the purpose of entertainment and features fictional elements such as bird women e.g. "[Game opens with BIRD LADY pacing in a dark room in front a kneeling man. This scene cuts back and forth with another of two jeeps driving along a road...".
Target Audience
The target audience for this game is 18+ featuring fictional creatures that are unsuitable for younger audiences and profanity. Though would be received by a audience of 18 -25 of primarily a male audience of BC1C2 demographic. The audience could also have a specific interest within the horror genre or the video game franchise itself. The PEGI rating for this game is also 18 +.
Interview Script (MTV)
Style & Content
The style of this script is formal featuring clear instructions and layouts though are very lacking in comparison to previous examples having no details camera movements, music or another details for production crew to see. This means the script is quite unsuitable and is more of a outline of pure dialogue. Though like all examples is written in courier font but this time is centre justification. Names are written in capital letters as well as placed at the beginning of a line. The instructions at the beginning of the script are formal been clear and concise been written in a teacher to pupil like mode of address.
Narrative Structure
The narrative structure is linear featuring conversation between two people of equal amounts in a linear format been chronological.
Genre
Like a TV Broadcast the genre of the of this script is non-fiction this is because this is news on real life people that exist in the real world presenting in some cases facts to the public to inform them about the interviewee therefore all content must be non-fictional and unbiased.
Target Audience
The target audience is aimed for a younger audience that are interested in music and celebrities as this is the sort of channel that MTV presents itself as and will be informal and will be spoken in a peer to peer mode of address. Therefore the audience would be mostly teenage having an age range of 13 - 25 years old
This would also appeal to both genders and mostly towards those with a keen interest for celebrities, TV and music. This would be received by a demographic or roughly BC1 and possibly C2 and lower in some cases depending on the interest of the viewer.
